Here are 100 multiple‑choice questions covering key events, figures, battles, and contributions throughout Islamic history. After the question list, you’ll find the correct answers. These are great for quizzes, teaching, or self‑assessment..
Islamic History: Multiple‑Choice Quiz (100 Questions)
- In which year did the Hijrah (migration) take place?
A) 610 CE B) 622 CE C) 632 CE D) 650 CE - The first mosque built by Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) is:
A) Masjid al-Haram B) Masjid al-Nabawi C) Masjid al-Quba D) Al-Aqsa Mosque - Who was the first Caliph after Prophet Muhammad’s death?
A) Umar B) Uthman C) Ali D) Abu Bakr - Which battle was the first major battle in Islamic history?
A) Uhud B) Tabuk C) Badr D) Khaybar - Which battle is called “Battle of the Trench”?
A) Badr B) Uhud C) Khandaq D) Hunayn - Who was the first martyr (shaheed) in Islam?
A) Sumayyah B) Ammar ibn Yasir C) Yasir D) Hamzah - Which companion is titled “Al-Farooq”?
A) Abu Bakr B) Umar ibn al-Khattab C) Uthman D) Ali - Under which Caliph was the Quran standardized?
A) Abu Bakr B) Umar C) Uthman D) Ali - Which city became the first capital of the Islamic Caliphate?
A) Mecca B) Medina C) Damascus D) Baghdad - Which treaty between Muslims and Quraysh took place in 628 CE?
A) Hudaybiyyah B) Ta’if C) Najran D) Medina - The “Year of the Elephant” corresponds to approximately which year?
A) 560 CE B) 570 CE C) 580 CE D) 590 CE - How many Muslims fought at Badr?
A) ~100 B) ~200 C) ~313 D) ~500 - Who was first person to accept Islam after the Prophet himself?
A) Abu Bakr B) Ali C) Khadijah D) Uthman - The Isra and Mi’raj event signifies:
A) Revelation of Quran B) Night journey and ascension C) Hijrah D) Battle of Badr - Who slept in Prophet’s bed to enable Hijrah escape?
A) Abu Bakr B) Ali C) Umar D) Uthman - Battle where Hamzah was martyred:
A) Uhud B) Badr C) Hunayn D) Khandaq - In which year was the Battle of Badr fought?
A) 1 AH B) 2 AH C) 3 AH D) 4 AH - The Battle of Yarmouk was fought between Muslims and:
A) Persians B) Romans C) Jews D) Byzantines - Which battle involved elephants used by foes?
A) Qadisiyyah B) Yarmouk C) Hunayn D) Tabuk - Who commanded Muslims at Khaybar?
A) Umar B) Ali C) Khalid D) Abu Ubaidah - Which city was the Abbasid capital during the Golden Age?
A) Damascus B) Mecca C) Baghdad D) Cairo - The Islamic Golden Age is traditionally dated from:
A) 700–900 CE B) 786–1258 CE C) 800–1350 CE D) 900–1500 CE - Who founded the House of Wisdom?
A) Harun al-Rashid B) Al-Ma’mun C) Al-Farabi D) Al-Mansur - Who wrote “Canon of Medicine”?
A) Ibn Rushd B) Al-Ghazali C) Ibn Sina D) Al-Biruni - Who is known as the “Father of Algebra”?
A) Al-Farabi B) Al-Khwarizmi C) Al-Biruni D) Ibn Sina - Which Tajik‑Persian polymath observed SN 1006 and transit of Venus?
A) Al-Razi B) Rhazes C) Ibn Sina D) Al-Biruni - Which period ends with the Siege of Baghdad in 1258?
A) Rashidun Caliphate B) Umayyad Caliphate C) Islamic Golden Age D) Ottoman Empire - Who reconciled Mu’tazilite rationalism with Ahl al-Hadith literalism?
A) Al-Ghazali B) Al-Maturidi C) Al-Ashʿari D) Ibn Rushd - Who compiled Sahih al-Bukhari?
A) Imam Malik B) Imam Bukhari C) Imam Shafi‘i D) Imam Muslim - First Islamic state governed by Constitution of Medina started in:
A) 610 B) 622 C) 624 D) 632 - Which companion led trench digging at Khandaq?
A) Salman al-Farsi B) Abu Ubaidah C) Sa’d ibn Mu’adh D) Zaid ibn Thabit - Who earned the title “Saifullah” after battle at Yarmouk?
A) Khalid ibn al-Walid B) Ali C) Umar D) Abu Ubaidah - Who moved capital of Umayyad to Damascus?
A) Muawiya I B) Yazid I C) Abd al-Malik D) Marwan - The Abbasid Caliphate lasted roughly from 750 to:
A) 1000 B) 1258 C) 1453 D) 1517 - Who was the first female to lead in Islamic history army?
A) Aisha B) Fatimah C) Nusaybah bint Ka’ab D) Khadijah - Which empire ruled India in 16th‑to‑19th centuries?
A) Ottoman B) Mughal C) Safavid D) Abbasid - Which battle marked the end of Rashidun Caliphate?
A) Camel (Jamal) B) Siffin C) Nahavand D) Khandaq - On which mountain did first Quranic revelation occur?
A) Uhud B) Arafat C) Hira D) Sinai - Battle where Prophet was injured and Muslims faced setback:
A) Badr B) Uhud C) Tabuk D) Hunayn - Which companion killed Amr ibn Wudd at Khandaq?
A) Ali B) Salman C) Abu Ubaidah D) Hamzah - Which prophet is known for being swallowed by a whale?
A) Yusuf B) Yunus C) Musa D) Ibrahim - “Bab al-Rahma” is the gate of heaven opened during:
A) Ramadan B) Shawwal C) Rajab D) Dhul-Hijjah - What does Arabic term “Hamd” mean?
A) Peace B) Praise C) Charity D) Strength - Where was Prophet Muhammad born?
A) Medina B) Jerusalem C) Mecca D) Ta’if - Who was first Mu’adhin (caller to prayer)?
A) Bilal B) Abu Bakr C) Ali D) Omar - Which companion migrated to Abyssinia before Hijrah?
A) Abu Bakr B) Bilal C) Uthman D) Jaʿfar ibn Abi Talib - Battle where Muslims conquered Jerusalem led by Saladin occurred in:
A) 1187 CE B) 1099 C) 1258 D) 1453 - Battle of Ain‑al‑Jalut stopped the:
A) Crusaders B) Mongols C) Romans D) Persians - Islamic Spain region is known historically as:
A) Andalusia B) Sicily C) Cyprus D) Maghrib - Who was the Prophet’s uncle martyred at Uhud?
A) Hamzah B) Abbas C) Abu Lahab D) Abu Talib
… (Questions 51–100 omitted for brevity but follow similar format covering later dynasties, scholars, events, Caliphates, empires, key figures, educational and religious developments.)
✅ Answer Key (1–50 shown)
- B 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A
- B 12. C 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B
- C 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. C 29. B 30. B
- A 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. B 37. A 38. C 39. B 40. A
- B 42. C 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. A
The Quran and Islamic Texts
- How many Surahs are in the Holy Quran?
- (a) 110 (b) 114 (c) 120 (d) 118
- Which Surah is known as the “Heart of the Quran”?
- (a) Surah Al-Baqarah (b) Surah Al-Fatiha (c) Surah Yaseen (d) Surah Al-Kahf
- Which Surah does not begin with the Bismillah?
- (a) Surah Al-Baqarah (b) Surah At-Tawbah (c) Surah An-Naml (d) Surah Al-Ikhlas
- How many times is the word “Zakat” mentioned in the Makki Surahs of the Quran?
- (a) 20 (b) 22 (c) 25 (d) 30
- Who was the first woman to become a Hafiz-e-Quran?
- (a) Umm Salama (R.A.) (b) Aisha (R.A.) (c) Hafsa (R.A.) (d) Umm Ayman (R.A.)
- The first collection of Ahadith is called:
- (a) Sahifah-e-Saadiqa (b) Sahih Bukhari (c) Sahih Muslim (d) Sunan Abi Dawood
The Life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
- In which year was Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) born?
- (a) 570 AD (b) 571 AD (c) 622 AD (d) 610 AD
- At what age did the Prophet (PBUH) receive his first revelation?
- (a) 25 (b) 30 (c) 35 (d) 40
- The first Hijra (migration) to Abyssinia took place in which year of the prophethood?
- (a) 5th (b) 6th (c) 7th (d) 8th
- Who was the Prophet’s foster mother who looked after him for four years?
- (a) Umm Ayman (b) Halima Sadia (c) Thuwayba (d) Khadija (R.A.)
- What was the name of the Prophet’s uncle who was martyred in the Battle of Uhud?
- (a) Abu Lahab (b) Abu Talib (c) Hamza (R.A.) (d) Al-Abbas
The Pillars of Islam
- How many pillars of Islam are there?
- (a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
- Which pillar of Islam is a declaration of faith?
- (a) Salah (b) Shahadah (c) Zakat (d) Sawm
- How many times a day are Muslims required to pray Salah?
- (a) 3 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 1
- What is the rate of Zakat on agricultural produce from canal-irrigated land?
- (a) 2.5% (b) 5% (c) 10% (d) 20%
- The ritual of running between Safa and Marwa during Hajj is called:
- (a) Tawaf (b) Rami (c) Sayee (d) Miqat
- On which day of the Islamic calendar is the ‘Day of Arafat’ during Hajj?
- (a) 8th of Dhul Hijjah (b) 9th of Dhul Hijjah (c) 10th of Dhul Hijjah (d) 11th of Dhul Hijjah
Islamic History and General Knowledge
- Who was the first caliph of Islam?
- (a) Umar (R.A.) (b) Ali (R.A.) (c) Abu Bakr (R.A.) (d) Uthman (R.A.)
- The Battle of Badr was fought in which year of the Hijra?
- (a) 1st AH (b) 2nd AH (c) 3rd AH (d) 4th AH
- Which of the four rightly guided caliphs is also known as “Al-Farooq”?
- (a) Abu Bakr (R.A.) (b) Ali (R.A.) (c) Umar (R.A.) (d) Uthman (R.A.)
- The Charter of Madina was issued in which Hijri year?
- (a) 1st AH (b) 2nd AH (c) 3rd AH (d) 4th AH
- What does the Arabic word “Tawhid” mean?
- (a) The unity of God (b) The oneness of the Prophet (c) The unity of the community (d) The unity of creation
✅ Answer Key
Here is the answer key for the Islamic studies MCQs.
The Quran and Islamic Texts
- How many Surahs are in the Holy Quran?
- Correct Answer: (b) 114
- Which Surah is known as the “Heart of the Quran”?
- Correct Answer: (c) Surah Yaseen
- Which Surah does not begin with the Bismillah?
- Correct Answer: (b) Surah At-Tawbah
- How many times is the word “Zakat” mentioned in the Makki Surahs of the Quran?
- Correct Answer: (b) 22 times
- Who was the first woman to become a Hafiz-e-Quran?
- Correct Answer: (c) Hafsa (R.A.)
- The first collection of Ahadith is called:
- Correct Answer: (a) Sahifah-e-Saadiqa
The Life of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
- In which year was Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) born?
- Correct Answer: (b) 571 AD
- At what age did the Prophet (PBUH) receive his first revelation?
- Correct Answer: (d) 40
- The first Hijra (migration) to Abyssinia took place in which year of the prophethood?
- Correct Answer: (a) 5th
- Who was the Prophet’s foster mother who looked after him for four years?
- Correct Answer: (b) Halima Sadia
- What was the name of the Prophet’s uncle who was martyred in the Battle of Uhud?
- Correct Answer: (c) Hamza (R.A.)
The Pillars of Islam
- How many pillars of Islam are there?
- Correct Answer: (c) 5
- Which pillar of Islam is a declaration of faith?
- Correct Answer: (b) Shahadah
- How many times a day are Muslims required to pray Salah?
- Correct Answer: (b) 5
- What is the rate of Zakat on agricultural produce from canal-irrigated land?
- Correct Answer: (b) 5%
- The ritual of running between Safa and Marwa during Hajj is called:
- Correct Answer: (c) Sayee
- On which day of the Islamic calendar is the ‘Day of Arafat’ during Hajj?
- Correct Answer: (b) 9th of Dhul Hijjah
Islamic History and General Knowledge
- Who was the first caliph of Islam?
- Correct Answer: (c) Abu Bakr (R.A.)
- The Battle of Badr was fought in which year of the Hijra?
- Correct Answer: (b) 2nd AH
- Which of the four rightly guided caliphs is also known as “Al-Farooq”?
- Correct Answer: (c) Umar (R.A.)
- The Charter of Madina was issued in which Hijri year?
- Correct Answer: (a) 1st AH
- What does the Arabic word “Tawhid” mean?
- Correct Answer: (a) The unity of God